Japan Fact Sheet
### About Japan
Japan is a country where the past and future seamlessly merge. In Kyoto, ancient temples and kimono-clad geisha move gracefully between traditional tea houses, while lightning-fast bullet trains connect the high-tech cities of Osaka and Tokyo. Despite being the tenth most densely populated country, with 127 million people—30 million in the Tokyo metropolitan area—Japan boasts vast areas of stunning, rural wilderness. Contrary to popular belief, Japan is not necessarily an expensive destination. In fact, it can be more affordable to travel here than in many Western countries. The "Land of the Rising Sun" offers a unique blend of heritage and cutting-edge modernity, making it a destination like no other.
### Airports
Tokyo serves as one of Asia’s largest air hubs, connecting travelers to major global destinations. The city is home to two international airports: Narita and Haneda. Other international airports in Japan include Osaka’s Kansai Airport and Nagoya’s Chubu Centrair Airport.
### Arrival/Departure Information
Nationals of many countries, particularly Western nations, can enter Japan visa-free for short-term stays (usually 90 days) for tourism or business. Nationals of countries without a visa waiver agreement must apply for a visa in advance at a Japanese embassy or consulate. More information on visas can be found on the Ministry of Foreign Affairs website: [Ministry of Foreign Affairs Visa Information](http://www.mofa.go.jp/j_info/visit/visa/index.html). Upon entry, all foreign visitors (except children under 16, diplomats, and permanent residents) are fingerprinted and photographed. Visitors should keep their entry/exit form and customs declaration safe, as it will be needed when departing. Airport taxes are included in flight ticket prices.
Please note that visa policies are subject to change, and it is the traveler’s responsibility to confirm requirements before traveling.
### Business Hours
Offices are typically open Monday to Friday, from 9 AM to 6 PM. Post offices operate Monday to Friday, from 9 AM to 5 PM. Museums, temples, and tourist attractions usually welcome visitors from 10 AM to 5 PM. Department stores and major shops are open seven days a week, generally from 10 AM to 7:30 or 8 PM.
### Banks
Most banks are open Monday through Friday from 9 AM to 3 PM, but are closed on weekends and public holidays. Currency can be exchanged at international airports (Narita, Kansai), banks, and post offices displaying the “Authorized Foreign Exchange” sign, as well as some hotels and department stores in major cities. Note that exchanging money at banks or post offices can be time-consuming. Foreign credit and debit cards can be used at international ATMs located at airports, post offices, and 7-Eleven stores. For more information on ATM locations at 7-Eleven stores, visit: [Seven Bank ATM Info] (http://www.sevenbank.co.jp/intlcard/index2.html).
### Clothing
Light clothing is suitable for summer, but jackets are essential for alpine regions or chilly spring nights. While Japan is generally more relaxed about dress codes compared to other Asian countries, modest attire is appreciated when visiting temples. Slip-on shoes are also convenient when visiting temples or staying in ryokans.
### Etiquette: Dos and Don’ts
Japanese culture has many customs, and while it’s easy for foreigners to make mistakes, the Japanese are typically forgiving. Here are some key points:
**Dos:**
- Bow when greeting others, though handshakes are becoming more common, especially in business settings.
- Learn basic Japanese phrases, as English is not widely spoken.
- Be ready to share dishes during meals and offer to pay if you initiated the invitation.
- Bring a small gift when visiting a Japanese home.
**Don’ts:**
- Never enter a Japanese home with your shoes on. Slippers will often be provided.
- Avoid sticking chopsticks upright in a bowl of rice, as it resembles funeral rites.
- Don’t start drinking until everyone has been served, and toast with "Kampai!"
- Avoid talking loudly or using your phone on trains.
### Electricity
Japan operates on 100 volts AC, with two frequency standards: 50Hz in eastern Japan (Tokyo and northeast) and 60Hz in western Japan (Osaka and southwest). Major hotels offer dual voltage outlets (110V/220V) for small appliances. Japan uses two-flat-pin plugs, so bring a universal adapter.
### Insurance
Travel insurance is highly recommended, especially if participating in adventure activities. Japan's healthcare system is excellent but costly without insurance.
### Internet
Most mid-range and luxury hotels offer free Wi-Fi and LAN access. Cybercafés are rare outside major cities, as mobile internet is widely available.
### Language
While younger generations are learning English, it is still advisable to carry important names and directions written in Japanese, especially when traveling in rural areas. A phrasebook or translation app is useful for navigation.
### Entertainment and Nightlife
Japan’s nightlife offers a variety of experiences, from chic cocktail bars and jazz clubs to lively karaoke bars. Upscale venues may have extra service charges. For a night out with locals, head to izakayas (traditional bars), or explore vibrant districts like Roppongi in Tokyo or Dotombori in Osaka. Theaters and cinemas are also abundant for cultural enthusiasts.
### Food
Japanese cuisine emphasizes seasonal ingredients, quality, and presentation. Staples like rice or noodles are paired with soup and small side dishes. Popular dishes include sushi, sashimi, tempura, sukiyaki, and yakitori. While high-end dining can be expensive, excellent food is available at affordable restaurants. Many restaurants display plastic replicas of their dishes, allowing you to point to your choice.
### Health
No vaccinations are required for travel to Japan, except for yellow fever if arriving from a region where the disease is present.
### Hotel Information
Japan offers a wide range of accommodations, from Western-style hotels to traditional ryokans and minshuku. Unique options like capsule hotels cater to budget travelers. Business hotels provide small, basic rooms, while ryokans offer a traditional experience with included meals.
### People
The Japanese are known for their politeness and hospitality. Visitors are often impressed by the kindness of locals. Although Japan is a largely homogeneous society, learning a few basic Japanese phrases and understanding local customs will enhance your experience.
### WATER
Tap water in Japan is safe to drink throughout the country. Bottled water is also widely available in vending machines, convenience stores, and supermarkets if preferred. For travelers who are used to filtered water or prefer it cold, many hotels and restaurants offer chilled water. Japan also has many natural springs and hot springs (onsen), which are enjoyed by locals and tourists alike for both bathing and health benefits.
### WEATHER
Japan has mostly a mild climate, but as it is an archipelago stretching over 3,000 km from north to south, there are major local variations in the weather, as well as variations in fauna, flora, and scenery. Pleasant temperatures arrive with spring, which along with autumn is one of the best times to visit. Sakura (cherry blossoms) bloom in Kyushu in March, reaching Tokyo by early April. Early summer is rainy, but July and August are hot and humid except in Hokkaido. The autumn is cool and typhoons may occur. Winter is chilly, but heavy snowfalls are limited to the mountainous regions.
### EMERGENCY CONTACT NUMBERS
### Public Holidays
Many tourist attractions close during public holidays. During peak periods like New Year, Golden Week (April 29 to May 5), and Obon (around August 15), transportation and accommodations are often fully booked.
### Public Transportation
Japan’s efficient transport network includes high-speed bullet trains, domestic flights, and car rentals. The Japan Rail Pass offers unlimited train travel for visitors. In cities, prepaid transport cards are convenient for subways and buses. Taxis are an option for short distances but can be expensive.
### Religion
Japan is home to a mix of Shinto and Buddhist practices, with many Japanese engaging in rituals from both religions for different life events. Shinto ceremonies mark births, Christian-style weddings are popular, and Buddhist rituals are often observed for funerals. Shinto, the indigenous faith of Japan, is intertwined with Buddhism, brought to Japan in the 6th century. While Shinto focuses on rituals and connection with nature and ancestral spirits, Buddhism deals with life, death, and the afterlife. Many Japanese people incorporate elements from both religions in their daily lives. For example, births and marriages may be celebrated with Shinto rituals, while funerals are more likely to follow Buddhist traditions. This dual practice showcases Japan’s unique spiritual flexibility, where tradition, respect for nature, and ancestors play a central role in religious expression.
### SAFETY
Japan is one of the safest countries in the world, with very low crime rates and a high level of public order. This is partly due to the strong sense of community, but also because of the strict legal system. Travelers can feel secure while exploring Japan’s cities and rural areas. However, natural disasters such as earthquakes and typhoons can occur, so it's important to stay informed about safety procedures and follow local guidance in case of an emergency.
### SHOPPING
Japan offers a unique and vibrant shopping experience, from traditional craft shops to ultra-modern department stores and electronics markets. Tokyo is famous for its shopping districts like Ginza, Shibuya, and Akihabara, while Kyoto and Osaka offer a mix of high-end and traditional goods. Duty-free shopping is available to international visitors, and Japanese items like electronics, fashion, cosmetics, and traditional crafts make excellent souvenirs. Be aware that in smaller towns and rural areas, shops may close earlier than expected, and international credit cards might not be accepted in some places, so it's wise to carry cash.
### TELEPHONES
Public telephones are increasingly rare in Japan due to the widespread use of mobile phones. However, they can still be found in airports, train stations, and some public areas. Most public phones accept coins or pre-paid cards, which can be purchased at convenience stores. For international calls, it is recommended to use a mobile phone or an internet-based service as this is often cheaper and more convenient.
### TIPPING
Tipping is not a custom in Japan, and it can even be seen as rude in some situations. Instead, excellent service is considered part of the job, and people in the service industry take pride in their work. If you want to show appreciation, a small gift or souvenir is more appropriate than cash. In upscale restaurants or for larger events, a service charge is usually already included in the bill.
### TIME ZONE
Japan operates on Japan Standard Time (JST), which is 9 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+9). Unlike many countries, Japan does not observe daylight saving time, so the time difference remains consistent throughout the year. Travelers should keep this in mind when planning international flights or connecting with others in different time zones.
### TOILETS
Public toilets in Japan range from traditional squat-style to high-tech toilets with a variety of features. The high-tech toilets, known as "washlets," often include heated seats, bidet functions, and other comforts. Public restrooms are widely available in cities, shopping centers, and train stations, and they are usually very clean. It’s a good idea to carry tissues or wipes as some public restrooms may not provide toilet paper. In rural areas, you may still encounter traditional squat toilets, which can take some getting used to for foreign travelers.
### TRAFFIC
Japan has an excellent and efficient transportation system, but it’s essential to remember that driving is on the left side of the road. Road signs are mostly in Japanese, although major ones have English translations. Speed limits and road rules are strictly enforced, and penalties for violations, such as speeding or driving under the influence, are severe. For tourists unfamiliar with Japanese road systems, it may be more convenient to use public transport, which is both reliable and widespread. If you do plan on driving, an International Driver’s Permit (IDP) is required.
### TRANSPORTATION
Japan’s transportation system is one of the best in the world. The country boasts an extensive network of trains, buses, and subways, especially in major cities like Tokyo and Osaka. The Japan Rail Pass (JR Pass) is highly recommended for tourists, offering unlimited travel on JR trains, including the famous Shinkansen (bullet trains), for a set number of days. For city travel, subways and buses are efficient, with signs and announcements in English in tourist areas. Taxis are available but can be expensive. Payment is generally in cash, though more taxis now accept credit cards. Bicycle rentals are also popular, particularly in cities like Kyoto, which is more bike-friendly.
### Currency
Japan's currency is the yen (¥). Coins are available in denominations of ¥1, ¥5, ¥10, ¥50, ¥100, and ¥500, while bills come in ¥1,000, ¥2,000, ¥5,000, and ¥10,000 notes. Japan remains a largely cash-based society, especially in rural areas, although credit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and major shops. Carrying cash is advisable for smaller shops and inns.
### Custom Allowances
Travelers aged 20 or older can bring the following duty-free items into Japan:
- 400 non-Japanese cigarettes
- Three bottles (760cc each) of alcohol
- Two ounces of perfume
Personal items up to a market value of ¥200,000 can also be brought in without customs duties.
### DISCLAIMER
This information was valid at the time of publication and is subject to change at any time. We cannot be held responsible for any external links. You acknowledge, by your use of this site, that your use of it is at your own risk and that Pathfinder Japan shall not be liable for any damages of any kind related to your use of this site or the information contained within. We reserve the right to correct any errors, inaccuracies, or omissions and to change or update information at any time without prior notice.
Other useful links
We've put together a list of useful websites below, including some English-speaking travel agents who can help you arrange your trip. We wish you many wonderful vacations to Japan, where you will be able to see everything the country has to offer.
East Japan Railway
East Japan Railway's website contains travel destination introductions. The most of the time in Japan's northern regions.
http://www.jreast.co.jp/e/index.html
Japan Travel
Japan's largest travel community and your official travel guide.
Japan National Tourism Organization
The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism oversees the Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO).
Japan-Guide.com
This website provides comprehensive, up-to-date information about traveling and living in Japan, as well as first-hand accounts from Japanese residents.
Japanese Guest Houses (Ryokan) Reservation Service
A comprehensive guide of traditional Japanese guest houses (Ryokan) in various locations across Japan.
https://www.japaneseguesthouses.com/
Official Tourism Guide for Japan Travel
The Japan National Tourism Organization provides a comprehensive tourist guide for Japan (JNTO)